SIMPLE PAST TENSE Como muito? The American tourist had little

SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Como muito?
The American tourist had little money on him (just a few reais) but he found an inexpensive
restaurant and decided to have dinner there. There were a lot of people in that restaurant, and
there weren’t many tables, but he finally found a free table near the kitchen.
He looked at the menu. There were a lot of dishes with complicated names, but the tourists
had little trouble in finding the name of that famous Brazilian dish: “feijoada”. He didn’t eat much
(there was too much salt in the beans) and after finishing dinner he decided to “practice” his
Portuguese. He took a small dictionary out of his pocket and looked up the word “How”. Naturally
he found “Como”. Next he looked up “Much”and found “Muito”.
“I can’t understand why so many Americans find Portuguese difficult”, he thought. He called
the waiter, and asked with a smile: “Como muito?”
1- Após a primeira leitura feita do texto acima, usando a técnica de leitura Skimming,
escreva em poucas palavras qual é a ideia principal que ele apresenta:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.
2- Read the sentences and write TRUE or FALSE according to the text:
a) There were a few tables available in the restaurant. (____________________)
b) The tourist looked up the words “how” and “much” because he wanted to ask about the total
price. (____________________)
c) The feijoada the tourist ate was very salty. (____________________)
d) Most of people were eating “feijoada”. (____________________)
e) The tourist didn’t have a lot of difficulty to understand the meaning of “feijoada”.
(____________________)
f) The tourist saw many dishes with complicated names. (____________________)
g) The tourist thought that Portuguese was difficult. (____________________)
h) The tourist had a lot of money. (____________________)
i) The waiter thought the tourist ate a lot. (____________________)
j) The tourist carried a dictionary in his backpack. (____________________)
3- Utilizando seu conhecimento prévio e apoiando-se de modo especial nos cognatos e nas
palavras/ expressões que você conhece, aplique a técnica de leitura Scanning para
responder as seguintes perguntas:
a) Qual o prato que o turista americano pediu?
______________________________________________________________________________.
b) Por que ele não comeu muito?
______________________________________________________________________________.
c) De que forma o turista falou o português? Qual sua opinião em relação ao idioma?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.
d) Você acredita que ele conseguiu se expressar de forma eficiente com o garçom? Por quê?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.
APRESENTAÇÃO E PRÁTICA DE ASPECTO LINGUÍSTICO
Simple Past Tense
O tempo verbal Simple Past corresponde ao Passado Simples em português. Nós o
utilizamos para expressar hábitos passados ou para expressar ações que se iniciaram no passado
e também foram finalizadas no passado, podendo ter o tempo determinado. Neste caso,
costumamos acompanhar o verbo com advérbios ou expressões de frequência que dão maior
especificidade à ideia da frase, como yesterday (ontem), last ... (na última...), ago (atrás), in ....
(em...), e etc.
Example: I worked all day yesterday. (Eu trabalhei ontem o dia todo)
ESTRUTURA DAS SENTENÇAS AFIRMATIVAS PARA VERBOS REGULARES
O verbo é regular quando para conjugá-lo não há alteração em seu radical. Logo, para
colocar esse verbo no Simple Past basta deixar o verbo no infinitivo, sem a partícula to, e
acrescentar a terminação -ed. Essa é a forma para todas as pessoas. Observe:
Casos especiais
1) Verbos terminados em Y. Eles têm 2 possibilidades:
2) Verbos terminados em -E, simplesmente acrescentamos o D:
love – loved
3) Verbos monossílabos terminados em consoante + vogal + consoante, dobra a última consoante
e depois acrescenta-se –ed:
Stop: stopped
4) Verbos de duas sílabas ou mais, terminados em consoante + vogal + consoante, cuja sílaba
tônica é a última, dobra a consoante antes de acrescentar o –ed:
Occur: occurred
*Nos demais casos, acrescenta-se simplesmente -ed:
Work: worked
ESTRUTURA DAS SENTENÇAS AFIRMATIVAS PARA VERBOS IRREGULARES
O verbo é irregular quando, ao ser conjugado, por exemplo, ele muda toda a sua estrutura.
Nesse caso, para ele ficar no passado, temos que consultar uma lista de verbos para, depois,
através do uso, ir memorizando. Alguns verbos irregulares com os respectivos passados:
INFINITIVO
TO AWAKE
TO BUY
TO FORGET
TO LAY
TO SEE
PASSADO
AWOKE
BOUGHT
FORGOT
LAID
SAW
Examples:
I forgot my keys. (Eu esqueci as chaves)
I saw you yesterday at the bus station. (Eu te vi ontem no ponto de ônibus)
We bought a lot of Christmas presents. (Nós comparamos muitos presentes de Natal)
ESTRUTURA DAS SENTENÇAS NEGATIVAS DOS VERBOS REGULARES E IRREGULARES
Para escrever uma sentença negativa no Simple Past utiliza-se o verbo auxiliar did + not –
mais utilizado na escrita, pois é formal – ou sua forma contracta didn’t – mais utilizada na fala,
pois é informal – antes da forma básica do verbo sem o to, exemplo:
1-I did not play the piano yesterday. (Eu não toquei piano ontem)
2-My parents didn’t travel to Porto Seguro last year. (Meus pais não viajaram para Porto Seguro
no ano passado)
Ao colocar a sentença na negativa, é interessante observar que como o verbo auxiliar na
negativa, o didn’t, já está no passado (pois é o passado de do), o verbo principal não tem a
terminação –ed.
ESTRUTURA DAS
IRREGULARES
SENTENÇAS
INTERROGATIVAS
DOS
VERBOS
REGULARES
E
Na forma interrogativa do Simple Past utiliza-se o verbo auxiliar did antes do sujeito na
frase. Note que o verbo principal fica na sua forma básica sem o to e sem -ed, pois o verbo
auxiliar já se encontra no passado. Observe o exemplo:
1-Did you run yesterday? (Você correu ontem?)
2-Did Mariah watch Harry Potter last week? (A Mariah assistiu Harry Potter semana passada?)
RESUMO DO SIMPLE PAST
AFIRMATIVO
I worked
You worked
He worked
She worked
It worked
We worked
You worked
They worked
NEGATIVO
I didn’t work
You didn’t work
He didn’t work
She didn’t work
It didn’t work
We didn’t work
You didn’t work
They didn’t work
INTERROGATIVO
Did I work ...?
Did you work ...?
Did he work ...?
Did she work ...?
Did it work ...?
Did we work...?
Did you work ...?
Did they work ...?
APLICAÇÃO DA GRAMÁTICA:
Exercícios
A- Choose the correct alternative:
1. We..........the information on the magazine's website. (Find)
a. Finded
b. Found
c. Founded
2. She didn't...............the man from going into the store. (Stop)
a. Stopped
b. Stop
c. Stoped
3. Did you..............calling him this week? (Feel like)
a. Felt like
b. Feel like
c. Feel liked
4. She.................a few mistakes but, even so, she won the game. (Make)
a. Makes
b. Maked
c. Made
5. Serra was.................by Fernando Henrique and Dilma was....................by Lula. (Appoint)
a. Appointed
b. Appoint
c. Appointied
B- Reescrevam as frases a seguir usando a forma correta do 'passado simples'.
1. I didn't talked to her because she avoid me at the last meeting.
______________________________________________________________________________.
2. Where did you got this money?
______________________________________________________________________________.
3. She call me yesterday.
______________________________________________________________________________.
4. The boy was playing when suddenly he cutted his hand with his toy.
______________________________________________________________________________.
5. Did you went to school last week?
______________________________________________________________________________.
6. The students did not saw the principal.
______________________________________________________________________________.
7. Paul studyed a lot for his exam.
______________________________________________________________________________.
8. My parents planed to visit me on their vacation.
______________________________________________________________________________.
9. We tooked a lot of pictures.
______________________________________________________________________________.
10. Rachel watched a good film on TV last night?
______________________________________________________________________________.
C. Passe as sentenças abaixo para o inglês.
1. Eu não sabia o que tinha acontecido ontem.
______________________________________________________________________________.
2. Você pediu para ela vir aqui?
______________________________________________________________________________.
D. Traduza a frase para o português:
"They didn't care about it because it didn't give them an advantage."
______________________________________________________________________________.
E. Complete as sentenças com verbos no Simple Past:
a) I_______________ (spend) a lot of money last week, so this weekend I didn't go out: I
_______________ (stay) home all the time.
b) We_______________ (drive) all the way to São
we_______________ (get)
there
we_______________
then_______________ (go) shopping.
Paulo
(visit)
last Saturday. When
some
friends
and
c) Somebody_______________ (steal) my bike yesterday, so this morning I_______________
(take) the bus to school.
d) I_______________ (hear) what you _______________ (say), but I think you're wrong.
We _______________ (eat) at our friends' house yesterday. Later, we all _______________
(help) them with the cleaning.
e) Last time I _______________ (fly) to Los Angeles, I _______________ (sit) beside a famous
artist and we _______________ (talk) for hours.
f) I_______________ (send) you an e-mail this morning. Did you receive it?
I_______________(get) it. I_______________(write) you an answer about ten minutes ago.
g) When I_______________ (leave) to school this morning, I _______________ (forget) to shut the
front door, so when I_______________ (come) home it_______________ (be) open.