MUST, HAS/HAVE (GOT) TO E NEED OBRIGAÇÃO – ter

MUST, HAS/HAVE (GOT) TO E NEED
OBRIGAÇÃO – ter necessidade de fazer algo, tanto no
presente quanto no futuro.
I/you/he/she/it/we/they+MUST+verbo (sem “to”)
We must pay taxes.
Everybody over 16 years old must vote.
I/you/we/they+HAVE TO+ verbo (sem “to”)
We have to pay taxes.
He/she/it+HAS TO+ verbo (sem “to”)
She is 17 years old. She has to vote.
I/you/we/they+HAVE GOT TO+ verbo (sem “to”)
We have got to pay taxes.
He/she/it+HAS GOT TO+ verbo (sem “to”)
She is 17 years old. She has got to vote.
Past: must /have to /has to= HAD TO
When he was younger, he had to vote. Now he is 75.
SUGESTÃO- precisar/ter que…
They must avoid eating greasy food.
They have to avoid eating greasy food.
They have got to avoid eating greasy food.
DEDUÇÃO – deve...
Present = must + infinitive (verbo sem “to”)
He bought a Mercedes. He must be rich.
Past = must have + past participle
PAST PARTICIPLE? É uma maneira de usar os verbos, que são
divididos em REGULARES e IRREGULARES.
REGULARES – têm terminação D / ED/ IED.
LOVE = LOVED
WORK = WORKED
PLAY = PLAYED
TRY = TRIED (verbo terminado em CONSOANTE+Y: elimina-se o Y e
acrescenta-se IED)
IRREGULARES – consultar 3º COLUNA da lista de verbos.
Be – Was/Were – BEEN
Take – Took – TAKEN
DEDUÇÃO – deve ter...
Past = must have + past participle
She must have learnt a new language.
PROIBIÇÃO – não se deve fazer…, porque é errado!
I/you/he/she…+MUST NOT / MUSTN’T+verbo sem “to”
We must not drink and drive.
People mustn’t smoke inside the subway station.
NEED – precisar
Pode ser usado como:
ORDINARY VERB = um verbo normal, usado nas formas
negativa e interrogativa. Precisa de verbos auxiliares
(do/does/did...):
Present:
Negativa – You don’t need to buy some bread.
Interrogativa – Do you need to buy some bread?
Negativa – She doesn’t need to buy some bread.
Interrogativa – Does she need to buy some bread?
Past:
Negativa – You didn’t need to buy some bread.
Interrogativa – Did you need to buy some bread?
MODAL VERB = só nas formas negativa e interrogativa.
Não precisa de verbo auxiliar.
Present:
You need not / needn’t buy some bread.
Need you buy some bread?
NEED NOT / NEEDN’T
desnecessariamente.
HAVE:
ação
realizada
I/You/he/she…+Need not / needn’t have + past participle
He is 72 years old. He need not have voted.