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Verb to be
• Equivale aos verbos SER e ESTAR.
I am Igor -> Eu sou o Igor
I am busy -> Eu estou ocupado
• É utilizado para descrever o estado e/ou
característica de algo.
Verb to be (present forms)
Singular:
I -> Am
He, She, It -> Is
You -> Are
Plural:
We, You, They -> Are
Verb to be (past forms)
Singular
I, He, She, It -> Was
You -> Were
Plural
We, You, They -> Were
Contractions
• São as formas fechadas (abreviadas) do verbo
to be.
Present forms:
Am -> ‘m -> ain’t (informal, genérico)
Are -> ‘re -> aren’t
Is -> ‘s -> isn’t
Past forms:
• Não existem contrações para formas
afirmativas no passado
Was -> wasn’t
Were -> weren’t
Other forms of to be
Pode ser usado em conjunto com:
• Os modal verbs: Can be, should be, would be,
must be, will be, etc.
• Nas forma do participle para as formas
perfeitas: Been
I have been angry – She has been weak.
There to be
* Expressa a existência de algo. Equivale aos
verbos EXISTIR e HAVER (além de TER no
informal).
There are many books here – Há/Existem muitos
livros aqui.
There to be (forms)
Singular:
There is (present form)
There is a man outside – Há um homem lá fora
There was (past form)
There was a man outside – Havia um homem lá
fora
There to be (forms)
Plural:
There are (present form)
There are men outside – Há homens lá fora
There were (past form)
There were men outside – Havia homens lá fora